Porcine Dermatitis and Nephropathy syndrome
Other names |
PDNS |
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Causal agent |
Unknown, the
causal agent(s) has not been recognized. The disease is suggestive of a type III
hypersensitivity reaction. The role of circovirus II is as yet undefined. Association with Pasteurella multocida
An electrophoresis type 01. |
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Age group |
The problem
classically affects pigs from 40 to 70 kg (12 to 16 weeks of age). It has been seen occasionally in adults |
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Distribution |
Reported
worldwide especially with acute PMWS. |
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Clinical signs
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Normal farm |
The condition
occurs sporadically |
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PMWS farm
Clinical signs
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Since the
occurrence of PMWS the condition can reach a prevalence of 10% in groups. |
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The pigs show anorexia,
depression and lie down a lot with a stiffened gait and may have problems
rising. |
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The most obvious
clinical sign is the presence of irregular red
to purple patches (macules and papules) in
the skin, particularly around the hind legs and perineal area. The lesions tend to merge with time and if
the pig survives scarring may occur. |
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Pigs affected
before 10 weeks of age (30kg) die. Pigs older than 10 weeks mortality may
reach 25% and pigs generally die within a few days of showing clinical signs. |
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Two pigs with PDNS with the characteristic
red blotchy lesions. Note particularly
affecting the hind area |
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Infectivity |
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As the condition
is an allergic response, treatment is generally not infective |
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Transmission
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Causal agent not
yet recognized |
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Post-mortem
Lesions |
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Skin lesions |
As described in the clinical signs |
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Kidney
lesions |
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Bilateral enlarged (2-3x normal) and pale
kidneys with cortical petechiae. Histological
examination reveal acute glomerulonephritis and systemic necrotizing
vasculitis – looking very like Classical Swine Fever |
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Lymph nodes around the pig may also be very
enlarged with typical PMWS changes. The
association with PMWS and PDNS is still unsure. |
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Diagnosis |
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Striking skin
clinical signs |
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Definitive
diagnosis following renal histology |
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Treatment |
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None |
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Control PMWS,
which as yet there are few real strategies that are effective. Ensure that management is excellent. |
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Corticosteriods
may help recovery |
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Common
differentials |
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Classical Swine
Fever, African Swine fever, Possibly
salmonellosis |
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Zoonotic implications |
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There are
no zoonotic implications
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