Clinical
Examination of a Pet Pig
This is not easy. Most pigs are not used to being handled.
They become very vocal when caught and will not settle easily.
Ideally try to assess as much as possible before handling the animal.
Handling |
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Young pigs may be picked up and will generally settle |
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Older pigs examine while loose, restrain with food or if necessary use a loop around the upper jaw |
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Observe any normal behavior such as defecation, urination or signs of oestrus |
If you visit the pig at home and the pig lives with others, watch the behaviour of the group and other animals. |
Even getting the pig into the surgery can be an adventure. Most adult pigs less than 40 kg (88 lbs) can be picked up. |
Follow a set procedure to examine the animal – there are few differences with other animals |
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Make contact both vocally and physically. Assess the body condition. Check breathing rate |
Pigs like to be scratched particularly behind the ear and along the back |
Check the head of the pig for any discharges from the nose, eyes, mouth |
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When handling the head watch that the pig does not try and bite |
Take the rectal temperature normal 39C (102.5F) |
Examine the external genitalia. Note the mucosa color |
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Palpate the lumbar muscles of the pig |
Some pigs may allow auscultation |
Examine the mammary glands. |
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Examine the feet while standing |
Grasp the pig’s front legs and pick the pig up and place on its back side holding its back with your knees |
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Palpation of the limbs should start at the top and work down the limb to the feet |
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Other examinations are possible after the initial examination is complete |
Collect any samples as required. Blood samples can be obtained in the sitting position via the proximal jugular |
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Auscultation in the conscious pig is generally unrewarding as the animal vocalizes and moves too much. The stethoscope can still be used to help diagnose broken bones etc. |
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If the pigs are transported to the surgery, ensure that they are transported safely and legally. |
As part of the clinical examination ensure that you include the pigs housing and general environment |
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Restraint of the pig on your own |
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Catch the pig |
Left the pig using your legs to support its back |
Lower the pig onto its back |
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Allow the pig to lie on its back. Keep it restrained with your lower legs |
Reverse your position, keeping the pig restrained with your legs |
With the client help, the pig can be restrained for routine examination |
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Thanks to Dr A Wilburs