Philippine Warty Pig
Scientific name |
Sus philippensis |
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Global distribution |
Luzon, Mindoro, Catanduanes, Samar, Biliran, Leytre, Bohol, |
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Habitat |
Tropical forest |
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Conservation status |
Near threatened |
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Physical characteristics |
Body size |
900 – 1,800 mm. Shoulder height 550 – 1,100 mm |
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Weight |
Variable from 40-350 kg Males usually larger than females |
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Colouring |
Dark gray to black or brown |
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Hair |
Stiff bristles and usually some finer fur. The pelage is often quite scant and the tail is only lightly covered. There may be a mane on the nape and side whiskers. |
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Wart |
3 pairs of warts in the male |
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Piglet colouring |
Wild piglets are stripped. |
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Tail |
300 mm |
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Side view |
Detail of the face, tassel and teeth |
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Anatomical points |
Peculiarities |
The preorbital fosa is always deeply excavated with overhanging, shelflike borders |
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Dental formulae |
( i 3/3, c 1/1, pm 4/4, m 3/3) x 2 – 44 The canines in males the inferior surface is broader than the posterior surface. The female canines are diminutive and tend to point simply down (if the upper tooth) or up (if the lower). |
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Behaviour points |
Maturing age |
5-12 months male 6- months female |
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Mating ritual |
Males join group for mating and then leave. |
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Conflict |
Animals walk parallel to each other, edge closer until shoulders touch and then shoving begins. They may rear up, lean against each other and attempt to knock each other off balance. In neither yields, thrust with the mouth open and tusks bared |
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Seasonal breeding |
Breeding occurs throughout the year in the tropics, birth peaks shortly before or just after the rains. In the temperate regions the young are born in the spring. |
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Oestrus period |
18-24 days |
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Gestation period |
112 – 120 days |
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Litter size and lactation |
6-12 up to 40 domestic breeds |
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Lactation |
6 pairs of teats. Lie down to suckle. |
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Weaning age |
8-12 weeks |
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Family groups |
Small groups of 6 females sow and litter. Males solitary. |
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Cooling behaviour |
Mud wallows and avoidance – shade. |
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Sleeping |
Construct crude shelters by cutting grass |
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Peak activity |
Nocturnal and crepuscular |
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Swift runners and good swimmers |
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Range |
May migrate over distances. 2-15 km overnight within an area of 20-150 ha. Home range over a period of 2-3 months is 500-1,000 ha for adult females and 1,000 -2,000 ha for adult males. |
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Diet |
Omnivore – fruit, seeds, roots, grasses, insects, small mammals and scavenging |
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Diseases/ disorders |
Full range of pig diseases |
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